Monday, 11 November 2024 14:43

New insights into factors influencing brain aging and cognitive health

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Recent studies have provided new data on how lifestyle factors can impact brain aging. Physical activity, avoiding tobacco, bilingualism, and even playing musical instruments are linked with slower cognitive decline. This research, based on long-term studies, may offer valuable insights for those aiming to maintain cognitive health as they age.

Table of Contents:

Early cognitive test scores and their impact on brain health

Studies from the Lothian Birth Cohorts in Scotland suggest that about half of the variation in cognitive decline may stem from childhood cognitive abilities. Data showed that cognitive differences in aging may start in early life. These findings help explain why some individuals experience sharper cognitive declines than others as they age.

Physical and mental engagement benefits

Adult lifestyle choices also play a significant role in brain health. Dr. Simon Cox, director of the Lothian Birth Cohort Studies at the University of Edinburgh, noted that factors such as physical activity, bilingualism, and a lack of vascular risk factors contribute to slower brain aging. The research emphasizes a concept described by Cox as "Marginal Gains, Not Magic Bullet." Combined, these lifestyle elements may account for up to 20% of cognitive decline between ages 70 and 82.

Detailed brain scans and individual differences

Participants underwent MRI scans starting at age 73, revealing marked differences in brain health. Even among participants of the same age, some scans appeared comparable to those of younger people, while others showed significant brain shrinkage and white matter damage. White matter, essential for communication between brain cells, can slow information processing when it deteriorates.

Cognitive super agers and lifestyle impact

The study identifies individuals whose cognitive abilities remain sharp in advanced age as "super agers." Cox points out that brain aging does not manifest uniformly, as some people retain strong cognitive abilities. Research also highlights the benefits of consistent exercise, a heart-healthy diet, and regular medical monitoring. Experts recommend tracking key health indicators, including blood pressure, cholesterol, and bone health to support brain health.

This research underscores the impact of lifestyle choices on cognitive aging, suggesting strategies for promoting a healthier brain across the lifespan.

source: CTV News

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